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imminent peril
Imminent peril, or imminent danger, 〔(Imminent-Peril Doctrine Law & Legal Definition ) ''USLegal.com''〕 is an American legal concept where Imminent peril is "certain danger, immediate, and impending; menacingly close at hand, and threatening." 〔(The Free Dictionary by Farlex )〕 In many states in the USA, a mere necessity for quick action does not constitute an emergency within the doctrine of imminent peril, where the situation calling for the action is one which should reasonably have been anticipated and which the person whose action is called for should have been prepared to meet;〔Kuist v. Curran, 116 Cal. App. 2d 404〕 the doctrine of imminent peril does not excuse one who has brought about the peril by her own negligence.〔Warren v. Sullivan, 188 Cal. App. 2d 150〕
==Legislation==
In California, legislation authorizes a person to use deadly force to defend against death or serious injury if they believe they are in imminent peril.〔(Cambridge Dictionary Online )〕 Raymond L. Middleton, Warden v. Sally Marie McNeil is a California case that espouses this doctrine.〔(No. 03-1028. Decided May 3, 2004 ) ''FindLaw.com''〕 The 2012 Florida Statutes lay measurable conditions to determine if the "fear of imminent peril" is reasonable under the law.〔(The 2012 Florida Statutes ) ''Sunshine Online''〕 Both the International Court of Justice (ICJ) and the International Law Commission (ILC) have recognized the profound motivations of one's lawful fear of imminent peril and have adopted measures to define consequences, of self-defense against such peril, as reasonable.〔(New Approaches to the State of Necissity in Customary International Law: Insights From WTO Law and Foreign Investment Law )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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